Different rules apply to commercial shipping than to pleasure craft. While a Small Craft License (Kleine Vaarbewijs) is often sufficient for recreational shipping , stricter requirements apply to commercial shipping. This guide summarizes the most important licenses and certificates for commercial shipping.
Large Boating License
A Large Vessel Certificate (Groot Vaarbewijs) is required for operating commercial vessels over 20 meters in length or with a carrying capacity of more than 15 tons. There are two types:
- GVB A: for all inland waters except major rivers, canals and lakes.
- GVB B: full large boating license, valid on all inland waterways including major rivers and canals.
Rhine patent
Anyone wishing to sail the Rhine professionally requires a Rhine Patent in addition to a Large Vessel Certificate. This patent grants additional authorizations because the Rhine is internationally recognized as one of the busiest and most complex waterways.
Sea skipper diploma
For commercial navigation at sea, such as merchant shipping or professional charter shipping, the Sea Skipper certificate is required. This falls under the STCW standards (Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping) and is internationally recognized.
Special certificates
In addition to the basic diplomas, additional certificates are required for specific situations:
- ADN certificate: mandatory for the transport of dangerous goods over inland waterways.
- Radar patent: required when sailing in radar conditions (fog, poor visibility).
- Marine radio: a Basic Marine Radio Certificate is required to operate the marine radio.
Difference between recreational and commercial shipping
While a Small Craft License I or II is often sufficient for recreational boating , stricter requirements apply in commercial shipping. Not only the vessel's length and speed, but also its cargo, sailing route, and professional context determine which documents you need.
Frequently asked questions about commercial boating licenses
Do I always need a Large Vessel Certificate in commercial shipping?
Yes, for vessels longer than 20 meters or with a loading capacity exceeding 15 tons. An exception may sometimes apply for smaller commercial vessels.
What is the difference between a Rhine Patent and a Large Vessel Certificate?
A Large Vessel Certificate is valid nationally, a Rhine Patent is additionally required for the Rhine and some of its tributaries.
Can I sail commercially with a recreational Small Craft License?
No, a Small Craft License is only valid for recreational boating. Additional documentation is required for commercial boating.